Fluid pump or motor



Nov. 28, 1939. A. L. BARNES 2,131,153

FLUID PUMP on MOTOR Filed Oct. 21, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1?,-

4. 4 wwh w R w 5 $w% w\ m x w\ Patented Nov. 23', 1939 Allen L. Barnes, Oak Park, Ill. Application October 21 1937, Serial No. 170,173

6 Claims, This invention relates to fluid pumps or motors of the rotary or eccentric piston type.

The general object of this invention is to pro-- vide an improved pump or motor having important advantages and capable of greater ciliciency than any of the heretofore known types.

A specific object of the invention is to provide in a machine of the character described improved means for maintaining a perfect seal between the.

piston and the cylinder in which it operates.

Another object is to provide improved lubrication means for the rotary or eccentric piston.

Another object is to provide an improved fluid seal for the actuating mechanism.

Other objects and advantages will appear and be brought out more fully from the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a view of van embodiment of my invention in cross-sectional elevation, the section being along the line l -l of Fig. 2; I

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the same taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a plan view partly in section displaying the open and closed position of the valves;

Fig. 4 is a plan section taken substantially along the line 4--4.of Fig. 1, illustrating the valve position as shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. f1;

Fig. 6 is a similar'view taken along the line 6-6 of Fig. 4;

Fig. '7 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view illustrating the packing ring construction; 5 Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line8-8 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 8-A is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view illustrating element 29b;

Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation illustrating the shaft seal mechanism; and

Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line |9 l0 of Fig. 9.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, I,

show a fluid pump or motor I 5 having a cylindrical shell l6 supported by a base l'l having flanged seat I8 and integral end portion l9 and a removable end 20, which is provided with a hub 2| which forms a bearing 22. A bearing bore 23 is provided in IQ, and shell I6 is formed with a cylindrical bore 24 in which a shaft 25 is rotatable, shaft 25 being carried by bearings 22 and 23. A plurality of separating discs 26, each provided with an aperture 21 for shaft 25, are located in bore 24 and form a plurality of piston chambers, designated A, B, C, and D, which chambers angle of would have different longitudinal dimensions for purposes which will be apparent hereinafter. Chambers A, B, C, and D each. contain a rotary or eccentric piston, and the piston construction is the same for all of the chambers except for the angular position on the shaft 25 with respect to each other, and the description hereinafter given will be that as applied to piston and chamber A.

A crank web member 28a is suitably secured to the shaft .25 as by keys or otherwise, and simi- 1n lar member 28b is secured to the shaft in chamber B, members 28a and 281) being in the same 'vradial plane.

Similar crank web members 280 and 2811 are located in chambers C and D respectively, except that they are mounted on the l.) shaft 25 on the opposite side or at a displacement An eccentric bearing 29- is provided with a substantially flat bore 30 bywhich it is mounted on crank web member 28a, the construction being such as to form a pressure 20 chamber 3| and a suction chamber 32. A compression'spring 33 is suitably positioned in cham- I ber 3| and tends to urge .bearing member 29 outwardly from the center of rotation of the shaft 25. Member 29 is formed with an exterior 25 cylindrical bearing surface 34 and is adapted to support a piston 35 having a bearing bore 36 which engages with cylindrical bearing surface 34 of bearing 29. Piston 35 has an exterior cylindrical wall 31; A pivoted baffle member '38, hav- 30 ing an arcuate or concaved wall 39 on the same curvature as bore 24, is connected to or may be formed integrally with a bearing pin and valve member 40, which is oscillatable in a bore 4| in base member ll. Bafiie 38 is provided with a 35 pivot 42 to which is secured piston 35, the latter having an arcuate recess 43 adapted to receive baflle 38 during a portion of the-piston stroke. From the'foregoing description, it will be'apparcut that piston 35 and baflie 38 divide interior 40 larly connected to a pipe 53. 5

Member 40 has a peripheral cut-out portion 54 forming an intake transfer port, there being cut off edges 55 and 56 on member 40 and base I! respectively, Similarly, an exhaust transfer port 54a is formed in member 40. 'A peripheral groove 55 51 is formed-in bearing 29 and is in communication with a port 58 formed in piston 35, which communicates with chamber 44. Port 58 is formed in bearing29 communicating with groove 51 and suction chamber 32. By this construction, the suction in chamber. will be communicated through port 58, groove 51 and port 59, to chamber 32, the effect of which will be to urge bearing 29' and piston towards cylinder ban andthus preventing leakage between the latter and wall 31 of piston 35. 'Similarly, a groove 68 is formed on piston 35 spaced, however, a substantial distance from groove 51. Groove 68 communicates with a port 6| in piston 35, which is open to exhaust chamber 45, and with a port 62 in bearing 29, the latter communicating with pressure exhaust chamber 3| (Fig. 8). By this construction, the pressure in chamber 45 is communicated through port 62, groove 68 and port 6|, into chamber 3|, also having the effect of increasing the pressure between cylinder wall 31 and bore 24.

An oil chamber 63 is formed in shell |6 and has a gravity feed passage 64 leading therefrom to a bore 65 concentric with shaft 25 and in communication with a bore or duct 66 therein and extending substantially the length thereof.

Passage 6I communicates with bore 65 and with bore 4| to provide lubrication for the latter. An adjustable plug 68 'is adapted to regulate the effective area of passage 61 to control the oil flow therein. Shaft 25 is provided with a radial bore 69 which connects the bore 66 with a bore I8 in bearing 29. By the foregoing arrangement of parts, it will be olearthat bearing surface 34 is kept lubricated, being supplied with oil from chamber 63.

Referring particularly to Fig. I, I show one of the separating discs 26 which consists of a flanged disc 'II and a plane disc I2 between the outer edges of which is retained a packing ring 13, the outer circumferential portion. of which is retained in a groove I4 in bore 24.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 9, shaft 25 is seen to havean hexagonal end portion I5 for engagement with a coupling member I6 having a complementary hexagonal or other polysided recess 11 for the end of shaft 25. Coupling member' I6 has an hexagonal portion I8. An hexagonal recess I9 is provided in' a power shaft 88 for engagement with hexagonal portion' I8 of coupling member I6, and a bearing collar 8| on shaft 88 has a threaded portion82 for engagement with. a cylindrical housing 83 which has a threaded portion 84 for engagement with hub 2|. Coupling member I6 has a radial face portion 85 in contact with a sealing ring 86 which seats in a lock ring 81 in threaded engagement with threads 84. Housing 83 has a cylindrical bore 88 and coupling member I6 has a flange 89 adapted to fit snugly in bore 88 and is further provided with a hub .portion 98. Shaft 88 is formed with a flange 9| similar to flange 89, and a radial face 92 adapted to engage a sealing ring 93 adapted to seal in bearing collar 8|. ,Shaft 88 is further provided with a hub portion 94 around which and around hub 98 a compression spring 95 is suitably located. A pair of pressure rings 96, provided for the ends of spring 95, is adapted to retain ordinary packing rings 91 against flanges 89 and 9|. Threaded aperture 98 secures an oil reservoir 99 adapted to provide a supply of oil to the interior of housing 83. A compression spring I88 is located in recess I9 and serves to maintain proper pressure between radial faces from the foregoing description. The rotation of the shaft 25 counterclockwise, as indicated by the arrow, will be transmitted to the cranks 28 causing bearings 29 to carry pistons 35 around the interior of bore creating a pressure in exhaust chamber and suction in chamber 44. Piston 35 will, in its movement as described, cause baflie 38 to be pivoted from right to left as seen in Fig. 1 causing an opening and closing of intake port 46, baflle 38 and piston 35, assuming the position indicated in dotted lines when port 46 is fully opened and in the position indicated by dot-dash lines when port 46 is closed. The pressure in chamber 45 will be communicated to exhaustmanifold 52 and delivery pipe 53, the pressure in which will be substantially constant because of at least one of the pistons 35 always supplying pressure in one of the chambers 45 connected thereto.

In order to prevent noise and possible fracture of baiiie 38 by thelatter in its action against bore 24 and piston 35 provision is made for a small clearance. Two or more threadedbores 29a are formed in eachbearing 29, and in each bore a set screw 29b is located. By appropriate adjustment of set screws 29b a minimum spacing can be maintained between bearing 29 and crank'web 28a. forming suction chamber 32, and baflle 38 maybe prevented from striking against the wall of bore 24 or piston 35.

By the construction as shown it will be clear that the pump may be used for any fluid, either liquids or gases since there is no valve between chamber 45 and manifold 52 and there is a free member 48. However, inasmuch as port 46 is closed and opened by baffle 38, transfer port 54 may, if desired, be eliminated and passage 41 communicate with chamber 44 at any point under baflle 38- when in the position indicated by the dot and dash lines.

As seen from Figs. 2, 3, and 4, chamber B is provided with an exhaust transferport 54a but does not have an intake port, this chamber being smaller than any of the others. It is, therefore, adapted to maintain. a suction which will be communicated along shaft 25 between it and bearing 22 such that the space surrounding seala ing ring 86 will be subjected to exhaust pressure and the ring will be held in firm contact with base 85 of flange 89.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying my invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification without departing from the spirit of the invention. 1, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A fluid pump or motor as described comprising a housing having a cylindrical chamber therein, a rotary shaft in said chamber, an eccentric piston on said shaft, said chamber having intake and exhaust ports adjacent thereto, and

- piston, said valve means including an oscillatable cylinder having a baille portion pivotally connected to said piston, said cylinder having transfer ports cooperable with said intake and exhaust ports, said baiile being rigid with said cylinderand adapted to alternately establish and cut off communication with the interior of the chamber.

3. A fluid pump or motor as described comprising a' housing having a cylindrical chamber therein, a rotary shaft in said chamber, a. crank on said shaft,- an eccentric bearing on said'shaft and crank, a rotary piston on said bearing, resilient means between the free end of the crank and the adjacent innersurface of the bearing to maintain a wall of said piston in'contact with the cylindrical wall of said chamber, said means including a fluid pressure chamber between one end of said crank and said bearing and a suction chamber between the other ends of said crank and bearing, said resilient means normally separating the crank and bearing at one end, two passages between the bearing and piston; means for establishing communication between one of said passages and the interior of thehousing at the pressure side of the pump chamber, means for establishing communication between said one passage and said fluid pressure chamber, means for establishing communication between the second passage and the suction side of thepump prising a housing having a plurality of cylindrical chambers therein, a' rotary shaft in said 1 chambers and having an end portion extending through a wall of said housing, an eccentric piston on said shaft in each of said chambers, one of said chambers being adjacent said wall and intake and exhaust manifolds for said ports, and

valve means in said housing for said ports, said means being, actuatable by said pistons, and means -adapted to effect a pressure seal adjacent said shaft and said housing wall, said. chamber having an exhaust port only being adapte'dto augment said sealing means.

5. A fluid pump or. motor as described comprising a housing having a cylindrical chamber therein, a rotary shaft in said chamber, an eccentric piston on said shaft, said chamber having intake and exhaust ports adjacent thereto, and valve means in said housing actuatable by said piston, said valve means including an oscillatable cylinder rotatable in said housing and cooperatmg with said intake and exhaust ports to open and close the same, said cylinder having a baflle portion rigid therewith and pivotally connected to said piston, said cylinder having transfer ports cooperable with said intake and exhaust ports, said transfer ports comprising slots extending axially with respect to the axis of said cylinder and connecting said intake and exhaust portsv with said chamber. 4

6. A fluid pump or motor as described comprising a housing having a. cylindrical chamber therein, said chamber haVing'fluid inlet and outletparts, a rotary shaft in said chamber, a crank on said shaft, an eccentric bearing having a flat bore receiving the crank whereby the bearing is movably mounted on the crank to'form a suction chamber at oneend and a pressure chamber at the other end, a rotary piston on said bearing, means to maintain a wall of said piston in contact with the cylindrical wall of said chamber and to maintain the crank toward the suction end of the bore in the bearing, an annular groove between the bearing and piston, a port through the wall of the piston between the groove and the interior of the housing at the intake side, a port through the bearing between'the groove and the suction chamber,. another annular groove between the bearing-and piston spaced axially from the first groove, another port through the wall of the piston between the second groove and the exhaust chamber, and another port through the bearing between the second groove and the pressure chamber. 1

ALLEN L.'BARNES. 

